Sql order by

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Sort operation and other execution plan operators interactions
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Example — Sorting Results in descending order
Using MySQL ORDER BY clause to sort data using a custom list
Syntax and Parameters of SQL ORDER BY
SQL References
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SELECT DISTINCT
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WHERE

MySQL Функции
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YEAR
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SQL Server функции
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ASCII
CHAR
CHARINDEX
CONCAT
Concat with +
CONCAT_WS
DATALENGTH
DIFFERENCE
FORMAT
LEFT
LEN
LOWER
LTRIM
NCHAR
PATINDEX
QUOTENAME
REPLACE
REPLICATE
REVERSE
RIGHT
RTRIM
SOUNDEX
SPACE
STR
STUFF
SUBSTRING
TRANSLATE
TRIM
UNICODE
UPPER
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ABS
ACOS
ASIN
ATAN
ATN2
AVG
CEILING
COUNT
COS
COT
DEGREES
EXP
FLOOR
LOG
LOG10
MAX
MIN
PI
POWER
RADIANS
RAND
ROUND
SIGN
SIN
SQRT
SQUARE
SUM
TAN
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CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
DATEADD
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YEAR
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Chr
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Space
Split
Str
StrComp
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StrReverse
Trim
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Abs
Atn
Avg
Cos
Count
Exp
Fix
Format
Int
Max
Min
Randomize
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Round
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Val
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Date
DateAdd
DateDiff
DatePart
DateSerial
DateValue
Day
Format
Hour
Minute
Month
MonthName
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Second
Time
TimeSerial
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Weekday
WeekdayName
Year
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Environ
IsDate
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SQL References

Mysql distinct

SQL Keywords
ADD
ADD CONSTRAINT
ALTER
ALTER COLUMN
ALTER TABLE
ALL
AND
ANY
AS
ASC
BACKUP DATABASE
BETWEEN
CASE
CHECK
COLUMN
CONSTRAINT
CREATE
CREATE DATABASE
CREATE INDEX
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW
CREATE TABLE
CREATE PROCEDURE
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX
CREATE VIEW
DATABASE
DEFAULT
DELETE
DESC
DISTINCT
DROP
DROP COLUMN
DROP CONSTRAINT
DROP DATABASE
DROP DEFAULT
DROP INDEX
DROP TABLE
DROP VIEW
EXEC
EXISTS
FOREIGN KEY
FROM
FULL OUTER JOIN
GROUP BY
HAVING
IN
INDEX
INNER JOIN
INSERT INTO
INSERT INTO SELECT
IS NULL
IS NOT NULL
JOIN
LEFT JOIN
LIKE
LIMIT
NOT
NOT NULL
OR
ORDER BY
OUTER JOIN
PRIMARY KEY
PROCEDURE
RIGHT JOIN
ROWNUM
SELECT
SELECT DISTINCT
SELECT INTO
SELECT TOP
SET
TABLE
TOP
TRUNCATE TABLE
UNION
UNION ALL
UNIQUE
UPDATE
VALUES
VIEW
WHERE

MySQL Functions
String Functions:
ASCII
CHAR_LENGTH
CHARACTER_LENGTH
CONCAT
CONCAT_WS
FIELD
FIND_IN_SET
FORMAT
INSERT
INSTR
LCASE
LEFT
LENGTH
LOCATE
LOWER
LPAD
LTRIM
MID
POSITION
REPEAT
REPLACE
REVERSE
RIGHT
RPAD
RTRIM
SPACE
STRCMP
SUBSTR
SUBSTRING
SUBSTRING_INDEX
TRIM
UCASE
UPPER

Numeric Functions:
ABS
ACOS
ASIN
ATAN
ATAN2
AVG
CEIL
CEILING
COS
COT
COUNT
DEGREES
DIV
EXP
FLOOR
GREATEST
LEAST
LN
LOG
LOG10
LOG2
MAX
MIN
MOD
PI
POW
POWER
RADIANS
RAND
ROUND
SIGN
SIN
SQRT
SUM
TAN
TRUNCATE

Date Functions:
ADDDATE
ADDTIME
CURDATE
CURRENT_DATE
CURRENT_TIME
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
CURTIME
DATE
DATEDIFF
DATE_ADD
DATE_FORMAT
DATE_SUB
DAY
DAYNAME
DAYOFMONTH
DAYOFWEEK
DAYOFYEAR
EXTRACT
FROM_DAYS
HOUR
LAST_DAY
LOCALTIME
LOCALTIMESTAMP
MAKEDATE
MAKETIME
MICROSECOND
MINUTE
MONTH
MONTHNAME
NOW
PERIOD_ADD
PERIOD_DIFF
QUARTER
SECOND
SEC_TO_TIME
STR_TO_DATE
SUBDATE
SUBTIME
SYSDATE
TIME
TIME_FORMAT
TIME_TO_SEC
TIMEDIFF
TIMESTAMP
TO_DAYS
WEEK
WEEKDAY
WEEKOFYEAR
YEAR
YEARWEEK

Advanced Functions:
BIN
BINARY
CASE
CAST
COALESCE
CONNECTION_ID
CONV
CONVERT
CURRENT_USER
DATABASE
IF
IFNULL
ISNULL
LAST_INSERT_ID
NULLIF
SESSION_USER
SYSTEM_USER
USER
VERSION

SQL Server Functions
String Functions:
ASCII
CHAR
CHARINDEX
CONCAT
Concat with +
CONCAT_WS
DATALENGTH
DIFFERENCE
FORMAT
LEFT
LEN
LOWER
LTRIM
NCHAR
PATINDEX
QUOTENAME
REPLACE
REPLICATE
REVERSE
RIGHT
RTRIM
SOUNDEX
SPACE
STR
STUFF
SUBSTRING
TRANSLATE
TRIM
UNICODE
UPPER

Numeric Functions:
ABS
ACOS
ASIN
ATAN
ATN2
AVG
CEILING
COUNT
COS
COT
DEGREES
EXP
FLOOR
LOG
LOG10
MAX
MIN
PI
POWER
RADIANS
RAND
ROUND
SIGN
SIN
SQRT
SQUARE
SUM
TAN

Date Functions:
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
DATEADD
DATEDIFF
DATEFROMPARTS
DATENAME
DATEPART
DAY
GETDATE
GETUTCDATE
ISDATE
MONTH
SYSDATETIME
YEAR

Advanced Functions
CAST
COALESCE
CONVERT
CURRENT_USER
IIF
ISNULL
ISNUMERIC
NULLIF
SESSION_USER
SESSIONPROPERTY
SYSTEM_USER
USER_NAME

MS Access Functions
String Functions:
Asc
Chr
Concat with &
CurDir
Format
InStr
InstrRev
LCase
Left
Len
LTrim
Mid
Replace
Right
RTrim
Space
Split
Str
StrComp
StrConv
StrReverse
Trim
UCase

Numeric Functions:
Abs
Atn
Avg
Cos
Count
Exp
Fix
Format
Int
Max
Min
Randomize
Rnd
Round
Sgn
Sqr
Sum
Val

Date Functions:
Date
DateAdd
DateDiff
DatePart
DateSerial
DateValue
Day
Format
Hour
Minute
Month
MonthName
Now
Second
Time
TimeSerial
TimeValue
Weekday
WeekdayName
Year

Other Functions:
CurrentUser
Environ
IsDate
IsNull
IsNumeric

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Некоторые примеры нестандартных возможностей синтаксиса sql. часть вторая: форматы дат

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Sort operation and other execution plan operators interactions

Как думать на sql?

We can also see the sort operator in the execution plan when we don’t use the ORDER BY statement in the query. The
following operators required a sorted input data, for this reason, the sort operation is performed by the database
engine.

Stream Aggregate
Merge Join
Distinct
Windows Function

The Stream Aggregate Operator performs the aggregation operations (SUM, COUNT, AGV, MIN, MAX, etc.)
on their input. The stream aggregate operator input data must be sorted. For this reason, in most cases, we may see
an extra sort operator in the execution plans before the stream aggregate operator. Let’s execute the following
query and then analyze the execution plan of it.

1
2
3

SELECTAccountNumber,SUM(SubTotal)ASSubTotalFROMSales.SalesOrderHeader

WHEREAccountNumberLIKE’10-4030-0216%’

GROUPBYAccountNumber

As we can see, the sort operation is performed by the SQL Server before the stream aggregate operator.

The Merge Join Operator is one of the join operators that converts the two received input data into
a single combined data. This operator requires both input data must be sorted in the same way. We will execute the
below query and analyze the execution plan.

1
2
3
4

SELECTOrderH.SalesOrderID,OrderH.OrderDate,OrderD.ProductID

FROMSales.SalesOrderDetailOrderD

JOINSales.SalesOrderHeaderOrderH

ONOrderH.SalesOrderID=OrderD.SalesOrderID

In this execution plan, we could not see any sort operator because the clustered index scan offered the data rows in
a sorted manner. The query optimizer does not choose the merge join operator because for some queries using this
join type may cause to reduce the query plan cost.

For the following query, the query optimizer will decide to use the hash join operator.

1
2
3
4
5

SELECTOrderH.SalesOrderID,OrderH.OrderDate,OrderD.ProductID

FROMSales.SalesOrderDetailOrderD

JOINSales.SalesOrderHeaderOrderH

ONOrderH.SalesOrderID=OrderD.SalesOrderID

WHEREOrderH.OrderDateBETWEEN’20130301’AND’20140401′

When we force this query to use the merge join, it increases the query cost.

1
2
3
4
5
6

SELECTOrderH.SalesOrderID,OrderH.OrderDate,OrderD.ProductID

FROMSales.SalesOrderDetailOrderD

JOINSales.SalesOrderHeaderOrderH

ONOrderH.SalesOrderID=OrderD.SalesOrderID

WHEREOrderH.OrderDateBETWEEN’20130301’AND’20140401′

OPTION(MERGEJOIN)

The Distinct Sort Operator performs eliminating the duplicate rows and sort operations at the same time.

1	SELECTDISTINCTp.ColorFROMProduction.ProductP

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SQL ОператорыSQL Типы данныхSQL Краткий справочник

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SQL ОператорыSQL Типы данныхSQL Краткий справочник

Example — Sorting Results in descending order

When sorting your result set in descending order, you use the DESC attribute in your ORDER BY clause. Let’s take a closer look.

In this example, we have a table called suppliers with the following data:

supplier_id	supplier_name	city	state
100	Microsoft	Redmond	Washington
200	Mountain View	California
300	Oracle	Redwood City	California
400	Kimberly-Clark	Irving	Texas
500	Tyson Foods	Springdale	Arkansas
600	SC Johnson	Racine	Wisconsin
700	Dole Food Company	Westlake Village	California
800	Flowers Foods	Thomasville	Georgia
900	Electronic Arts	Redwood City	California

Enter the following SQL statement:

Try It

SELECT *
FROM suppliers
WHERE supplier_id > 400
ORDER BY supplier_id DESC;

There will be 5 records selected. These are the results that you should see:

supplier_id	supplier_name	city	state
900	Electronic Arts	Redwood City	California
800	Flowers Foods	Thomasville	Georgia
700	Dole Food Company	Westlake Village	California
600	SC Johnson	Racine	Wisconsin
500	Tyson Foods	Springdale	Arkansas

Using MySQL ORDER BY clause to sort data using a custom list

The function has the following syntax:

The function returns the position of the str in the str1, str2, … list. If the str is not in the list, the function returns 0. For example, the following query returns 1 because the position of the string ‘A’ is the first position on the list , , and :

Output:

And the following example returns 2:

Output:

Let’s take a more practical example.

See the following table from the sample database.

Suppose that you want to sort the sales orders based on their statuses in the following order:

In Process
On Hold
Canceled
Resolved
Disputed
Shipped

To do this, you can use the function to map each order status to a number and sort the result by the result of the function:

Syntax and Parameters of SQL ORDER BY

The syntax of the Oracle SQL ORDER BY clause is:

In this clause:

column_name is one of the columns in your SELECT clause or in your table that you want to order by.
column_position is a number that refers to the position of a column in your SELECT statement.
expression is a valid SQL expression that you want to order your results by
ASC or DESC can be used to specify the order of the data. ASC is ascending, and DESC is descending. This is optional, and if it is not provided, the default sort order is ASC.
NULLS FIRST or NULLS LAST can be used to specify how NULL values are sorted. NULLS FIRST means that NULL values are shown at the top of the list, and NULLS LAST means that NULL values are shown at the bottom of the list. The default treatment if this is not specified is NULLS FIRST if the sort is DESC, or NULLS LAST if the sort is ASC or not specified.

Also, the column that you order by does not need to exist in the SELECT clause. So you don’t need to see the column in your results to use it in the ORDER BY.